Sir Olaf Kirkpatrick Kruuse Caroe KCSI KCIE (1892–1981) was an administrator in British India. He later became a writer on the Middle East and Asia.
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He was Governor of the North-West Frontier Province, from 1946 to just before the Partition of India in 1947. Subject to accusations that he was too close to the Muslim League[1], he encountered opposition from Congress Party politicians[2], and was replaced in mid-1947 by Rob Lockhart as Governor.
Son of the architect William Douglas Caroe, and Grace Desborough Rendall, he was educated at Winchester College and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he read classics. He served in the army in the Punjab in World War I, and joined the Indian Civil Service in 1919.[3]
He subsequently held a number of positions in the Indian Political Service, where he was influential in foreign policy, and an active administrator in North-West Frontier Province.
After returning from India in 1947, he wrote extensively. His strategic ideas proved influential:
| “ | At about this time there were those in Washington, looking for ways to secure the oil resources and practice containment in the middle east. The formulations of Sir Olaf Caroe attracted attention and soon found favour in official circles. His article in the March 1949 number of Round Table and his 1951 book, Wells of Power, led to invitations from the state and defence departments to visit Washington.[4] | ” |
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ronald Evelyn Leslie Wingate |
Chief Commissioner of Balochistan 1937–1938 |
Succeeded by Arthur Edward Broadbent Parsons |
| Preceded by Sir George Cunningham |
Governor of the North-West Frontier Province 1946–1947 |
Succeeded by Sir Robert Lockhart |